CSSE

PhD Program in  Computer Science and Systems Engineering 

Research Projects Proposals 2022 (XXXVIII Cycle)

Title: Interactive environments in extended reality (XR)
Supervisor(s): Manuela Chessa and Fabio Solari
Keywords: human-computer interaction HCI, virtual reality VR, extended reality XR

Curriculum: Computer Science

Abstract: Extended Reality (XR) and Mixed Reality (MR) are the new frontiers of human-computer interaction (HCI), combining the potentiality of immersive Virtual Reality (VR) with the real physical world. Several fields of application may benefit from such systems, from industrial contexts, for training and maintenance, to medical ones, for rehabilitation and daycare. Also, entertainment, e.g., videogames or museum applications, is an area where XR technologies are becoming prominent. Technology is now advanced enough to provide us with many devices to visualize XR worlds and track the users. Nevertheless, available systems are still preliminary from the computational point of view. This PhD research theme aims to grow a new researcher able to develop and combine algorithms from Computer Vision, to build a dynamic 3D representation of the real world, with HCI and VR techniques. The final goal should be a coherent XR environment where a user should be able to interact with both real and virtual elements. The user in the XR should show natural, i.e., similar to the corresponding real situations, cognitive and physical behaviors and super-natural experiences must be allowed to overcome the limits of the real world.

References:

Ballestin, G., Chessa, M., & Solari, F. (2021). A registration framework for the comparison of video and optical see-through devices in interactive augmented reality. IEEE Access, 9, 64828-64843.
Chessa, M., & Solari, F. (2021). The sense of being there during online classes: analysis of usability and presence in web-conferencing systems and virtual reality social platforms. Behaviour & Information Technology, 40(12), 1237-1249.
Viola, E., Solari, F., & Chessa, M. (2021). Self Representation and Interaction in Immersive Virtual Reality. In VISIGRAPP (2: HUCAPP) (pp. 237-244).
Valentini, I., Ballestin, G., Bassano, C., Solari, F., & Chessa, M. (2020). Improving obstacle awareness to enhance interaction in virtual reality. In 2020 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR) (pp. 44-52). IEEE.

Supervisor: Daniele D'Agostino
Title: Virtual research environments for astrophysical data
Keywords: Science gateways, research infrastructures
Curriculum: Computer Science

Abstract:
Modern telescopes can yield unique insights into the universe. But a huge amount of information remains stored and largely un exploited in the data archives. From an ICT point of view the key issues are represented by the fact that these archives have been developed with rather old technologies, have a limited implementation of the FAIR principles and they lack an effective integration with computational infrastructures.
Starting from the experience gained in previous European project, the goal of the thesis is two-fold. At first an existing archive will be redesigned to provide a state-of-the-art support to scientists in finding, analysing and post-processing the available data. This involves a heterogeneous set of technologies, including big data analysis and management, machine learning and web programming. Then the integration of European research infrastructures, like the ones provided by Fenix and EGI.
References:
D’Agostino, Daniele, et al. "A citizen science exploration of the X-ray transient sky using the EXTraS science gateway." Future Generation Computer Systems 111 (2020): 806-818.
External collaborations: INAF

Supervisor(s): Daniele D'Agostino, Giorgio Delzanno
Title: A Web IDE for high performance and distributed programs
Keywords: HPC, Distributed computing, Web apps
Curriculum: Computer Science
Abstract:
An online integrated development environment (Web IDE) is a browser-based application to write, run, analyse and share simple programs using one or more programming languages. An increasing number of open source tools exists, with specific goals. For example the Compiler Explorer web app is widely used to analyse the assembly code produced by different compilers on a large set of architectures, including Risc-V and Arm ones. However none of them supports the development and execution of parallel and distributed programs except in the case of Jupiter notebooks on the Google Colab platform.
The goal of this research activity is to extend one of the available tools in order to support reserachers and students in developing better software by providing the possibility to share their implementations and possibly compare the performance by exploiting available computational infrastructures.
References:
Calegari, Patrice, Marc Levrier, and Paweł Balczyński. "Web portals for high-performance computing: a survey." ACM Transactions on the Web (TWEB) 13.1 (2019): 1-36.
Godbolt, M. (2020). Optimizations in C++ compilers. Communications of the ACM, 63(2), 41-49.

Title: Image enhancement and denoising in the deep learning era
Proposer: Francesca Odone, Nicoletta Noceti
Curriculum: Computer Science
Research line: Data Science and Engineering
Topics: Image Processing, Computer Vision, Machine Learning, Deep Learning

Description:
As the quality of acquisition devices improves, image denoising is a crucial task in a variety of application domains, either because the acquisition process is still a challenge (e.g., the medical, biological or astronomic domains) or because of errors caused by transmission or compression.
The project focuses on image denoising with the objective of exploring possible combinations between classical approaches based on harmonic analysis tools (such as wavelets or their variants) and the most recent deep learning approaches. The effectiveness of the latter is out of question, with the price of requiring large amount of data and thorough and costly supervisions. Disentangled representations are a possible way to address imaging tasks with a limited amount of supervision.

Supervisor(s):
Angelo Ferrando, PhD [University of Genova]
Rafael C. Cardoso, PhD [University of Aberdeen]

Title: Explainable and Reliable Autonomous Agents in the age of Robotics

Keywords: Multi-Agent Systems, Artificial Intelligence, Formal  
Verification, Robotics, Machine Learning

Curriculum: Computer Science

Abstract:

The demand for the use of autonomous systems has been increasing in  
the past years, especially in applications domains that contain  
hazardous environments, require timely decisions/reactions, or are  
simply too expensive or too mundane to operationalise (such as robotic  
applications). With this increase in demand, autonomous systems are  
also facing higher scrutiny in terms of trust that the autonomous  
behaviour works as intended and does not violate any safety  
constraints. Thus, it is important to provide assurances that can  
increase the confidence we (regulators, public, developers,  
stakeholders, etc) have about autonomous systems. Recent autonomous  
systems (e.g., robots) have a high degree of modularity due to the  
assortment of different components that interact with each other. Last  
but not least, along with the need of higher reliability, such  
autonomous systems are also required to be explainable; that is, they  
must be capable of explaining their choices.This aspect is crucial for  
the deployment of autonomous systems in real-world scenarios, which  
are frequently safety-critical (i.e., scenarios where a failure can be  
costly).

The aim of this PhD project is to study and develop new techniques to  
increase confidence in autonomous systems, especially when deployed  
for robotic applications. This requires working both on the artificial  
intelligence side (i.e., how the autonomous system reasons), as well  
as its engineering (i.e., how to make the autonomous system more  
reliable in its decisions).

For what concerns the development of prototypes to support the  
research project, we foresee – but we do not limit to – the use of  
Agent-Based frameworks, such as JaCaMo [1], for the development of  
explainable autonomous components, ROS [2], for the development of  
robotic components, and TensorFlow [3], for training and deploying  
machine learning models . To improve the reliability of such  
solutions, techniques based upon formal verification will be studied,  
and deployed. In particular, more dynamic and flexible techniques,  
such as Runtime Verification [4], that can be used to analyse the  
runtime behaviour of the running system (the autonomous/robotic  
component in this case). Some related work can be found in [5-7].


References:

[1] Boissier, O., Bordini, R. H., Hübner, J. F., Ricci, A., & Santi,  
A. (2013). Multi-agent oriented programming with JaCaMo. Science of  
Computer Programming, 78(6), 747-761.
[2] Robot Operating System: www.ros.org
[3] TensorFlow: https://www.tensorflow.org/
[4] Bartocci, E., Falcone, Y., Francalanza, A., & Reger, G. (2018).  
Introduction to runtime verification. In Lectures on Runtime  
Verification (pp. 1-33). Springer, Cham.
[5] Fisher, M., Ferrando, A., & Cardoso, R. C. (2021, July).  
Increasing confidence in autonomous systems. In Proceedings of the 5th  
ACM International Workshop on Verification and mOnitoring at Runtime  
EXecution (pp. 1-4).
[6] Ferrando, A., Dennis, L. A., Cardoso, R. C., Fisher, M., Ancona,  
D., & Mascardi, V. (2021). Toward a holistic approach to verification  
and validation of autonomous cognitive systems. ACM Transactions on  
Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM), 30(4), 1-43.
[7] Ferrando, A., Cardoso, R. C., Fisher, M., Ancona, D.,  
Franceschini, L., & Mascardi, V. (2020, September). ROSMonitoring: a  
runtime verification framework for ROS. In Annual Conference Towards  
Autonomous Robotic Systems (pp. 387-399). Springer, Cham.

External collaborations: University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom

 Title: Design and Validation of IoT/Big Data Applications
Proposer: Giorgio Delzanno
Curriculum: Computer Science

Supervisor(s):Maurizio Leotta, Filippo Ricca

Title: Developing Novel Test Automation Solutions for Web and Mobile Applications

Keywords: End-to-end Testing, Test Automation, Software Engineering

Curriculum: Computer Science

Abstract:

Testing web and smartphone apps can take a long time, both for the complexity of these products and for the variety of environments through which end users can use them. On the other hand, the need to reduce the distribution times of new versions and the progressive adoption of Agile methodologies in software development lead to ever smaller margins to guarantee the effective quality of the final product. In this context, the creation of automated tests becomes an essential requirement to increase efficiency and quality while at the same time reducing the overall costs. 

The objectives/steps of the PhD are:

1) Selecting one of the possible interesting topics in the context of web or mobile testing, for example: automated test suite generation, test suite fragility reduction, test suite execution optimization, test suite flakiness reduction etc.

2) Studying the state of the art in this specific topic

3) Devising one or more solutions/algorithms advancing the state of the art, and implementing them.

4) Executing empirical studies comparing existing solutions with the novel proposals.

https://www.disi.unige.it/person/LeottaM/

https://www.disi.unige.it/person/RiccaF/

References

• Maurizio Leotta, Filippo Ricca, Paolo Tonella. SIDEREAL: Statistical Adaptive Generation of Robust Locators for Web Testing. Journal of Software: Testing, Verification and Reliability (STVR), Volume 31, Issue 3, pp.e1767, Editors: Tao Xie, Robert M. Hierons. John Wiley & Sons, 2021.
• Dario Olianas, Maurizio Leotta, Filippo Ricca, Matteo Biagiola, Paolo Tonella. STILE: a Tool for Parallel Execution of E2E WebTest Scripts. Proceedings of 14th IEEE International Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation (ICST 2021), IEEE, 2021.
• Maurizio Leotta, Diego Clerissi, Filippo Ricca, Paolo Tonella. Approaches and Tools for Automated End-to-End Web Testing. Advances in Computers, Volume 101, pp.193-237, Editor: Atif Memon. Elsevier, 2016.

External collaborations:

Both from Academia (e.g., University of Lugano, Blekinge Institute of Technology, University of Madrid) and local Industries. 

Supervisor: Enrico Puppo

Supervisor(s): Massimo Paolucci

Title: Optimization approaches for Green Scheduling in manufacturing

Keywords: Parallel machine scheduling, Time-of-Use energy prices, multi-objective optimization, mixed integer programming formulations, metaheuristic algorithms, matheuristic algorithms

Curriculum: System Engineering

Abstract:

In recent years energy-efficient scheduling has become an important topic in the scientific literature, as it has taken a key role in ensuring sustainability of manufacturing industry through the reduction of energy consumption and carbon emissions.  Rethinking the production processes under a sustainable lens, and simultaneously fostering environment-aware consumption practices in customers, appear to be more and more necessary. To this end, one of the first actions undertaken by energy suppliers consisted of flattening the peaks of demand in power plants by means of strategies aimed at reducing the high economic burdens related to the generation of high energy loads in short periods of time and, consequently, the environmental impact related to energy production. A possible strategy consists of the Time-of-Use (TOU) pricing policy, that spur electricity usage at off-peak hours by means of low prices, while penalizing peak hours with higher prices. In manufacturing, TOU-based energy tariffs can be taken into account by carefully rescheduling the production processes during periods characterized by low energy supply costs.

In such a context, the proposed research aims at developing both exact and heuristic approaches for scheduling problems that require the simultaneous optimization of multiple objectives, in particular including the minimization of the energy cost/consumption and the optimization of performance indexes related to the effectiveness of production and customer satisfaction (e.g., the makespan or tardiness minimization). This research should focus on the class of parallel machine scheduling, progressively including qualifying features to be able to model actual industrial requirements. The heuristic approaches to be designed and experimented can consist in both matheuristic, in particular based on mixed integer programming formulations, and metaheuristic algorithm

References:

• Anghinolfi, M. Paolucci, R. Ronco. A bi-objective heuristic approach for green identical parallel machine scheduling. European Journal of Operational Research, Volume 289, Issue 2, 2021, 416-434, ISSN 0377-2217. doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2020.07.02
• Catanzaro, R. Pesenti, R. Ronco. Job Scheduling under Time-of-Use Energy Tariffs for Sustainable Manufacturing: A Survey. Submitted to European Journal of Operational Research, January 2022.

Title: Optimization and control of sustainable districts and active prosumers.

Proposer: Michela Robba 

Curriculum: Systems Engineering

Research area(s): Optimization, optimal control, model predictive control, energy communities, sustainable districts, aggregator, energy market.

Abstract:

Significant effort has been expended of late, across the globe, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to achieve sustainability which in turn has led to a fundamental change in the management of resources and cities. In the case of the energy sector, the increase in the use of renewable resources and distributed generation, as well as the growing presence of electric vehicles, prosumers, microgrids, and other small-scale distributed resources, have enabled and accelerated restructuring of the electrical grid. In order to carry out optimal management of these distributed resources and address associated control problems, new models, methods, and technologies are necessary [1]. Concomitantly, new legislation, actors, and market mechanisms that support such an emerging grid structure are needed [2]. A novel concept that has been recently introduced in the context of smart energy management in cities is that of an Energy Community (EC), i.e., a set of residential or small commercial agents, each acting as prosumer and generally including generation (electric and thermal), storage units such as batteries, and flexible loads. Another new market entity is the aggregator, i.e. a market actor in charge of interacting with the Transmission System Operator (TSO) to reduce a load of a portion of territory through the coordination of different prosumers and users.

The proposed PhD research activity will fall within this framework. In particular, the following main objectives/activities can be listed:

• Definition and development of a general EMS for energy communities and sustainable energy districts.
• Models and methods for the coordination of local prosumers (that include renewables, storage systems, electrical vehicles, etc.) for demand response in the energy market.
• Optimal control of smart charging parks for electric vehicles.
• Models and methods for the integration of electric vehicles in energy communities, sustainable districts, and the energy market.

Link to personal homepage

http://www.dibris.unige.it/robba-michela

References:

[1] M. Garcia, H. Nagarajan, and R. Baldick, “Generalized convex hull pricing for the ac optimal power flow problem,” IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 1500–1510, 2020.

[2] G Ferro, M Robba, R Haider, AM Annaswamy, “A distributed optimization based architecture for management of interconnected energy hubs,” IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems, 2022.

Title: Detection of the origin of movement: Data processing and developments software libraries

 Supervisors: Antonio Camurri, Giorgio Gnecco (IMT Lucca), Marcello Sanguineti, Gualtiero Volpe

Keywords: Origin of movement, Human-Computer Interaction, Affective computing, Motion capture, Multimodal interfaces and systems.

Curriculum: Computer Science

Abstract. In the thesis, the approach proposed in [1,2] for the analysis of the origin of human movement will be developed in from the points of its exploitation in real-time contexts, with particular emphasis on data processing and production of software libraries to allow its real-time application.  The perceived origin of movement is the point at which a movement appears to originate from the point of view of an observer. The importance of full-body movements in conveying affective expressions and social signals is widely recognized by the scientific community [3,4], and a growing number of applications exploiting full-body expressive movement and non-verbal social signals are available. The possibility to automatically measure movement qualities such as its origin demonstrated to be very important in many different interactive applications, including therapy and rehabilitation in autism, and in cognitive and motor disabilities [5].  In [1,2], an approach based on a mathematical model called cooperative game is developed to study the origin of movement. A mathematical game is built over a graph structure representing the human body and a utility function related with movement features was defined. The games of the players are the joints of the human body. An attribute of the players, called “Shapley value” is evaluated and used to study movement. The targets of the proposed thesis are two. The first one consists in refining the methodology developed in [1,2] by considering a larger set of movement features, namely speed, tangential acceleration, and angular momentum. It will be investigated which feature is best at predicting the origin of movement. The method will be applied to a data set of Motion Capture data of subjects performing expressive movements, also by applying suitable filtering techniques to such data. The second target is the development of software libraries for the analysis of the origin of movement. The departure point is a software, written in Matlab, which extracts movement features (speed, tangential acceleration, kinetic energy, angular momentum) for two skeleton models of the human body, which refer to two different spatial scales. Such features are filtered and combined to compute a dissimilarity measure for the joints, from which a transferable utility game on an auxiliary graph is constructed. Finally, the vector of Shapley values for that game is computed (for the case in which the Shapley value coincides with the weighted degree centrality), and normalized with respect to the maximum Shapley value. The software allows for the possibility of computing the Kendall correlation between different rankings of joints. This software should be re-written in a suitable language and optimized from the point of view of efficiency and runtime, in such a way to make it exploitable for real-time analysis of the origin of movement.

External collaborations. This thesis will benefit from the ongoing activities of the European-funded FET PROACTIVE EnTimeMent 4-year project (entimement.dibris.unige.it). EnTimeMent aims at the foundation and consolidation of radically new models and motion analysis technologies for automated prediction and analysis of human movement qualities, entrainment, and non-verbal full-body social emotions. The approach is grounded on novel neuroscientific, biomechanical, psychological, and computational evidence dynamically suited to the human time, towards time-adaptive technologies operating at multiple time scales in a multi-layered approach. The research will benefit also from the motion capture and multimodal technology infrastructure available at Casa Paganini-InfoMus of Dibris (www.casapaganini.org). Specific application testbeds to validate and evaluate research results will be identified in one of the EnTimeMent scenarios (cognitive-motor rehabilitation, performing arts, sport). The thesis will also benefit from the ongoing activities of the Università Italo-Francese project GALILEO 2021 no. G21 89, “Automatic movement analysis techniques for applications in cognitive/motor rehabilitation”, between Università di Genova, IMT -  Scuola Alti Studi Lucca, and Université de Montpellier. 

Research activities will include collaborations and short residencies at the premises of one or more partners of the EnTimeMent project, including Qualisys (motion capture industry), Euromov – University of Montpellier (Prof Benoit Bardy), UCL University College London (Prof Nadia Berthouze), with IMT - School for Advanced Studies, Lucca (Prof. Giorgio Gnecco), and with the incubators of startups GDI Hub (London) and Wylab (Chiavari).

Link to the group/personal webpage:

www.casapaganini.org

entimement.dibris.unige.it

References

[1] K. Kolykhalova, G. Gnecco, M. Sanguineti, G. Volpe, A. Camurri: Automated Analysis of the Origin of Movement: An Approach Based on Cooperative Games on Graphs. IEEE Trans. on Human-Machine Systems, Vol. 50, pp. 550-560, 2020.

[2] O. Matthiopoulou, B. Bardy, G. Gnecco, D. Mottet, M. Sanguineti, A. Camurri: A computational method to automatically detect the perceived origin of full-body human movement and its propagation. Proc. Multi-Scale Movement Technologies ACM-ICMI 2020 Int. Workshop. 25-29 Oct. 2020, pp. 449-453.

[3] B. De Gelder, “Why bodies? Twelve reasons for including bodily expressions in affective neuroscience,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol. 364, no. 1535, pp. 3475–3484, 2009.

[4] A. Kleinsmith, N. Bianchi-Berthouze: Affective body expression perception and recognition: A survey,” IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 15–33, 2013.

[5] S. Piana, A. Staglianò, F. Odone, A. Camurri: Adaptive Body Gesture Representation for Automatic Emotion Recognition. New York, NY, USA: ACM, Mar 2016, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 6:1–6:31. Available: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2818740

Title: Automated analysis of expressive qualities of full-body human movement

Supervisors: Antonio Camurri, Giorgio Gnecco (IMT Lucca), Marcello Sanguineti, Gualtiero Volpe

Curriculum: Computer Science

Keywords: Affective computing, Human-Computer Interaction, Motion capture, Multimodal interfaces and systems, Operation research, Games. 

Abstract. The role played by full-body movements in conveying affective expressions and social signals is widely recognized by the scientific community [1], and a growing number of applications exploiting full-body expressive movement and non-verbal social signals is available. The possibility to automatically measure movement qualities is very valuable in many different interactive applications, including therapy and rehabilitation in autism, and in cognitive and motor disabilities. In [2,3], the automated analysis of the origin of movement (i.e., where in the body the movement initiates), which is an important component in understanding and modelling expressive movement, was investigated.
In the thesis, the approach proposed in [2,3,4,5] will be developed in several directions by using the same approach, based on a mathematical model called cooperative game. In general, mathematical games [6] study interactions among subjects, by modelling conflict or cooperation between intelligent entities called players. In the analysis of full-body human movement, the game model is built over a suitably-defined three-dimensional structure representing the human body. The players represent a subset of body joints. Each group of players has an associated utility, which represents their joint contribution to a common task. Using a utility constructed starting from a movement-related feature such as speed, a cooperative game index called Shapley value [6] can be exploited to analyse expressive qualities (e.g., to identify the movement origin, as done in [2,3,4,5] using the feature speed). Targets of the proposed thesis include, e.g:

- Considering different formulations of the cooperative game and/or different cooperative indices.

- Extracting and embedding into the model other features and/or sets of features calculated from movements,     such as position, acceleration, speed, jerks, and angular acceleration.

- Investigating the time series of the Shapley values to capture the dynamics of movement in finer details (e.g., the importance of different timescales in recognizing a specific movement).

- Modelling biomechanical constraints, which determine the way we move as well as the way we perceive movements.

- Analysing the automatic detection of movement qualities different from the origin of movement.

- Conceiving novel experiments, in order to build up the movement repertoire and enlarge the available motion-capture data set.

As an outcome of the thesis, a larger set of computational methods and software tools will be available for the automatic analysis of expressive qualities associated with full-body human movement.

External collaborations. This thesis will benefit from the ongoing activities of the European-funded FET PROACTIVE EnTimeMent 4-year project (entimement.dibris.unige.it). EnTimeMent aims at the foundation and consolidation of radically new models and motion analysis technologies for automated prediction and analysis of human movement qualities, entrainment, and non-verbal full-body social emotions. The approach is grounded on novel neuroscientific, biomechanical, psychological, and computational evidence dynamically suited to the human time, towards time-adaptive technologies operating at multiple time scales in a multi-layered approach. The research will benefit also from the motion capture and multimodal technology infrastructure available at Casa Paganini-InfoMus of Dibris (www.casapaganini.org). Specific application testbeds to validate and evaluate research results will be identified in one of the EnTimeMent scenarios (cognitive-motor rehabilitation, performing arts, sport). The thesis will also benefit from the ongoing activities of the of the Università Italo-Francese project GALILEO 2021 no. G21 89, “Automatic movement analysis techniques for applications in cognitive/motor rehabilitation”, between Università di Genova, IMT -  Scuola Alti Studi Lucca, and Université de Montpellier.

Research activities will include collaborations and short residencies at the premises of one or more partners of the EnTimeMent project, including Qualisys (motion capture industry), Euromov – University of Montpellier (Prof Benoit Bardy), UCL University College London (Prof Nadia Berthouze), with IMT - School for Advanced Studies, Lucca (Prof. Giorgio Gnecco), and with the incubators of startups GDI Hub (London) and Wylab (Chiavari).

Link to the group/personal webpage:

www.casapaganini.org

entimement.dibris.unige.it

References

[1] A. Kleinsmith and N. Bianchi-Berthouze, “Affective body expression perception and recognition: A survey,” IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 15–33, 2013.

[2] K. Kolykhalova, G. Gnecco, M. Sanguineti, A. Camurri, and G. Volpe: Graph-restricted game approach for investigating human movement qualities”. Proc. 4th Int. Conf. on Movement Computing (MOCO ’17). London, UK: ACM, 2017, article no. 30, 4 pages.

[3] K. Kolykhalova, G. Gnecco, M. Sanguineti, G. Volpe, A. Camurri: Automated Analysis of the Origin of Movement: An Approach Based on Cooperative Games on Graphs. IEEE Trans. on Human-Machine Systems,. Vol. 50, pp. 550-560, 2020.

[4] O. Matthiopoulou, B. Bardy, G. Gnecco, D. Mottet, M. Sanguineti, and A. Camurri: A computational method to automatically detect the perceived origin of full-body human movement and its propagation. Proc. Multi-Scale Movement Technologies ACM-ICMI 2020 Int. Workshop. 25-29 Oct. 2020, pp. 449-453.

[5] O. Matthiopoulou, B. Bardy, A. Camurri, G. Gnecco, D. Mottet, and M. Sanguineti: Detection of the Origin of Movement: Graph-Theoretical Model and Data Processing. Int. Conf. on Optimization a nd Decision Science. Firenze, 30 Aug.-2 Setp 2022.

[6] M. Maschler, E. Solan, and S. Zamir, Game Theory. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2013.